Drug Therapy

This medication treatment is to improve sperm production, treat hormonal dysfunction, cure infections that compromise sperm, and fight sperm antibodies.

Electroejaculation (EEJ)
Electroejaculation or Rectal Electroejaculation (REE) is a treatment in which electric stimulus brings about ejaculation to obtain semen. It is collected and prepared for use, usually in artificial insemination. This procedure is usually done in men with neurological problems.

Artificial Insemination (AI)
It is performed when the male has a low sperm count or a high number of abnormal sperm or the woman has sperm antibodies present in her cervical mucus. Sperm is treated in the laboratory to increase the chances of fertilisation. Large numbers of sperm are then inserted directly into the uterus for easy access to the f Fallopian tubes. It procedure is also used when couples are producing sperm and eggs, but have a problem bringing them together. In this situation, the sperm and eggs are physically placed together in the woman's womb and then left for nature to run its course. The advanced procedure of artificial insemination is called In- vitro fertilization.

Epididymal and testicular sperm extraction / Surgical Sperm Aspiration
It is the treatment for male containing azoospermia and spermatic cord abnormalities. The treatment technique involves removing sperm from part of the male reproductive tract such as the epididymis or directly from the testis using a needle and fertilisation is performed by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) . Usually enough sperm can be collected so that samples can be frozen for later use if required.

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF):
It is occasionally used for men with oligospermia. IVF, is the most effective form of ART, refers to the fertilization taking place outside the body in a laboratory. The procedure involves retrieving mature eggs from a woman, fertilizing them with a man's sperm in a dish under controlled conditions in a laboratory and implanting the embryos into the woman's uterus (womb) three to five days after fertilization. IVF treatment commonly known as 'test tube baby' is used to treat infertility blockages of the fallopian tubes, endometriosis, abnormal sperm, and some cases of unexplained infertility.

Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI):
This consists of a microscopic technique (micromanipulation) in which a single sperm is injected directly into an egg with a microscopic needle to achieve fertilization.
ICSI is usually done in people with poor semen quality or lack of sperm in the semen which is caused by an obstruction or testicular failure. In some cases, sperm may be surgically extracted from the testis or epididymis.