The specialist will analyze a physical examination which includes the medical history, illnesses and disabilities, medications and sexual habits. Other tests like semen analysis, testicle size and hernias test are also preformed.

Semen analysis
In this test, the semen specimen which is obtained by masturbating or in any other way is analyzed in the laboratory for quantity, color and presence of infections or blood. It will also detect the volume, count, concentration and any abnormalities in the shape and movement (motility) of the sperm.

Blood Tests
A blood test is performed to determine the level of testosterone and other hormone levels or the presence of sperm antibodies.

Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS)
A transrectal ultrasound is the most common test to look at the male pelvic organs, such as the prostate and seminal vesicles. This is an imaging test that places a probe into the rectum to beam high-frequency sound waves to nearby ejaculatory ducts. It can help the physician to determine if the structures are either poorly developed or obstructed with cysts, calcifications or other blockages.

Testicular Biopsy
In this procedure, which performed under general anesthesia, a small piece of tissue is removed from each testicle for microscopic evaluation. This is obtained through a small cut in the scrotum or using a needle inserted through skin over the testicle. A biopsy of testicular tissue can identify the problem with sperm production, abnormal growths, tumors, or incomplete growth or maturation of reproductive organs.