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Cervical Cancer
Stages
The
chances of cure is determined by the stage of the cancer. It is necessary
to know for better treatment and usually it can be determined at the time of diagnosis.
The international federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics defines cervical
cancer staging scheme known as FIGO system as follows.
- Stage 0 - Carcinoma in situ (in place)
(Pre-invasive cervical cancer) The abnormal cells are in the surface layer of
the cervix and has not invaded deeper tissues. This stage is not cancer.
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Stage I - This stage is an Invasive cancer with cancer
confined to the cervix only. Stage I cancer is confined to the uterus.
Stage
IA - In this earliest form of stage I cancer. A small amount of tumor visible
with a microscope. Stage IA1 - Tumor has penetrated an area less than
3 millimeters deep and less than 7 millimeters wide. Stage IA2 - Tumor
has penetrated an area between 3 to 5 millimeters deep and less than 7 millimeters
wide. Stage IB - This stage includes tumors that can be seen without
a microscope. It also includes tumors seen only with a microscope that have spread
deeper than 5 mm into connective tissue of the cervix or are wider than 7 mm.
Stage IB1 - This the stage that the Tumor is is no bigger than 4
centimeters. Stage IB2 - This is the stage that the tumor is
bigger than 4 centimeters.
Stage
II - This stage describes cancer that has spread beyond the cervix but is
still limited to the pelvic area.
Stage
IIA: This stage includes cancer that has spread upper part of the vagina,
but not to the surrounding tissues. (parametria)
Stage IIB: This stage
includes cancer that has spread to the tissue next to the cervix (the parametrical
tissue).
Stage III - The cancer
has extension beyond the cervix but not to the pelvic area. The cancer may be
blocking the ureters (tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder).
Stage IIIA: This stage includes cancer
that has spread to the lower third of the vagina but not extension to the pelvic
wall.
Stage IIIB: The stage includes cancer has spread to the pelvic
wall, or blocks urine flow to the bladder.
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Stage
IV - This stage describes cancer has spread beyond the pelvis or to the mucosal
lining of the bladder or rectum. This is the most advanced stage of cervical cancer.
Stage IVA - This stage includes cancer
that has spread to the bladder or rectum.
Stage IVB - This stage includes
cancer that has spread faraway organs beyond the pelvic area, such as the lungs.
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