Bladder Cancer
Types
Most
bladder cancers starts in the layer of cells which form the lining of the bladder.
These are called transitional cell carcinoma or urothelial carcinoma.
Other bladder cancer are squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.
Squamous cell carcinoma starts from one of the types of cell in the bladder lining.
Adenocarcinoma starts from glandular cells which produce and release fluids such
as mucus. Rare types of bladder cancer include small cell carcinoma, carcinosarcoma,
primary lymphoma, and sarcoma. Tumors are categorized as
low-stage (superficial) or high-stage (muscle invasive). If a bladder cancer affects
only the inner lining of the bladder, it is known as non-invasive cancer or superficial
cancer, or carcinoma in situ. Most bladder cancers are superficial. If the bladder
cancer has grown deeper into the bladder wall and extends into the muscle layer
or its surrounding tissues, it is called invasive cancer. Nearly all adenocarcinomas
and squamous cell carcinomas are invasive. |
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