The
origin of the game Cricket was gradual. It evolved from various sources like
a Scottish sport known as 'cat-and-dog' and a thirteenth century pass-time called
'hand in and hand out'. The game which is played today has its origin in the
south eastern part of England. Cricket became a generally adopted sport in the
second half of the seventeenth century. The Hambeldon club which is founded
in about 1750 had played a significant part in the evolution of the game. It
was superseded by the Marylebone Cricket Club (M.C.C) with its headquarters
at Lords, London. This became the world authority of the sport and its sanctuary.
An official country championships began in England in 1873 and it became an
International game with the formation of the Imperial Cricket Conference (I.C.C)
in 1909. The I.C.C membership was confined only to the British Commonwealth
countries. In 1956, the name of Imperial Cricket Conference was changed to International
Cricket Conference to enable countries outside the common wealth to become its
members.
Cricket
was brought to India by the British. In the beginning the game was played amongst
the British nationals. Later it struck deep roots in the Indian soil as a result of
the patronage extended to it by the ruling class and the princely households.
By the beginning of the 19th century, cricket became popular in the
cities of Bombay, Calcutta and Madras. An England team toured India in 1902-03.
An All-India team went on a tour of England in 1911 under Maharaja Bhupinder
Singh of Patiala. The Indian cricket control board came into being towards the
end of 1928. With the efforts of several Indian princes, H.E. Grant Goven and
A.S.De Mellow, the national championship for the Ranji Trophy began in 1935.
India entered the international arena and played its first official Test against
England in 1932.
Meanwhile
Prince Ranjit Singhji of Nawanagar who had gone to England for further study,
made a remarkable name for himself in the game of cricket. He is generally acknowledged
as the Father of Indian Cricket although he played only in England. He will
always be remembered through the National Cricket Championship - Ranji Trophy,
named after him.
