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Industry
Mining is one of the principal source of Goa's industrial and trade
development and offers considerable scope for employment. Mineral resources are an asset of Goa and iron ore is a leading
commodity. Other minerals include manganese ore and ferro-manganese ore which
are produced and exported, but iron ore occupies the pride of place in Goa's
economy. Some of the most
productive and important mines are located in the northern and eastern parts of
Goa.
There are units manufacturing a variety of items like pesticides,
fertilizers, tyres and tubes, iron ore pellets, foot wear, chemicals,
pharmaceuticals, sugar, wheat products, steel rolling, fruits and fish
canning, cashew nuts, textiles, brewery products etc. There are handicrafts
units mainly engaged in the manufacture of wood, crafts, brass, pottery,
handloom, leather and bamboo crafts etc.
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Agriculture
Agriculture is on e
of the important economic activities in Goa. Goa has done much to improve
and develop its agriculture so that it becomes more productive and the
farmers who work on the field get a better return for their labour. Rice
along with fish is the staple diet of the people and it is also a principal
agricultural crop. The important crops grown are paddy, ragi, maize, jowar,
bajra and pulses. Cash crops like coconut, cashew-nut, arecanut, mango,
jackfruit, banana, pineapple etc. are also grown in abundance. Sugarcane
cultivation has been taken up only recently and a sugar factory has also
been set up in Goa.
Paddy is the principal crop of Goa. There are two paddy
seasons, namely Kharif or sorod and the rabi or vaingan. The monsoon crops
are called the kharif or sorod crops and the winter crops are called rabi
or vaingan crops. The main sources of irrigation for winter crops are
the nallahs, rivers and streams, tanks, wells, canal etc. Crops grown
in the Kharif season consist of paddy, ragi (locally called nachani) and
some pulses. Crops grown in the rabi season are comprised of paddy, pulses
like horse-gram (kulith), black gram (udid), a variety of beans and some
vegetables.
Cashew is an important crop in
Goa. An
exhilarating drink called Feni is produced from cashew. It is a kind of gin or
vodka.
A variety of mangoes are grown in
Goa. Some of the famous
Mango varieties
are mancurade, mussarade, fernandine, xavier, alfonsa, colaco etc. There are two
varieties of jackfruit grown here namely kapo (hard) and rasal (soft).
The kind of vegetables grown in the Goa are brinjal, lady's
fingers, radish, cucumber, pumpkins, drumsticks, breadfruit and different
varieties of gourds. Sweet potatoes, chillies, onions are also available.
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Animal Husbandry
The animal husbandry and the veterinary services form
an important sector of rural economy. Cattle feed, milk products, meat
etc were imported on a large scale. There was one cattle farm at Dhat
in Goa district having an important herd of Sindhi cows and a small poultry
farm at Tonca, Panaji.
A Piggery farmwas also functioning at Curti in Ponda
latuka to produce qualitative pigs for their distribution to farmers for
breeding. Large white-York-shire and other improved breeds of pigs were
maintained at this farm.
Fishing formed an important economic activity of the Goa.
The Goa is abounded in rich marine and inland fisheries potential which
consisted mainly of prawns, one of the most important foreign exchange
earning commodity and commercially important shoaling fish like mackerels
and sardines.
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