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Pondicherry
The district presents more or less a flat land. There are no hills or forests.
The main soil types are red ferrallitie black clay and coastal alluvial.
There are 2 main drainage basins, the one of gingee river
which crosses it diagonally from north-west to the south-east and the other of Pennaiyar which
forms the southern border.
There is a metre gauge railway line between Villupuram and
Pondicherry. Pondicherry
is an important trading port. The principal trade at this port consists mainly
of imports of wheat, fertilizers and cement.
The percentage of cultivable area to total area and percentage
irrigated area to total cultivable area are 78.62 and 54.27 respectively. This
district cultivate mainly rice, sugarcane, coconut, betel vines, millets etc. In
some parts cotton and also flowers such as Jasmine, rose, marigold etc are
grown.
The Li products of food grains such as straw etc. are used for feeding the
cattle. They also help to produce farm yield manure. There is a co-operative
milk supply society and also a dairy. The common species of poultry are fowls
and ducks, cattle shows, calf rallies, milk yield competition and fodder yield
competition are held every year.
The Bahour and Oussoudu lakes are the 2 biggest ones in Pondicherry district
for fishing purposes. The varieties which appear in fairly large numbers are
ribbon fish, sardine and silver belly, sharks, etc. The flying fish fishery
which lasts from May to July is the most important seasonal fishery of the
district.
Main items of exports include Groundnut, rice, fish, Hides and skin,
handicrafts, etc.
Major industries in the area are Swadeshi cotton mills Ltd, Sri Bharathi
mills, and Anglo-French textiles. Small scale industrial units are mainly engaged in the manufacture of
furniture, dry cells,
cosmetics, steel utensils, cement products, etc. cottage industrial units
include pottery, carpentry, blacksmith, basket making, dying, pipe making, cane
works, hand made paper, bathi making embroidery etc.
Karaikal
The district is situated in more or less a flat land. There are no hills or
forest in this district. This district consists of almost entirely coastal
alluvial soil which is highly suitable for cultivation of paddy and pulses.
The total geographical rural area of the district is 14035.56 hectares. The
percentage of cultivable area to total area and percentage of irrigated area to
total cultivable area are 84.92,82.81 respectively. Pulses, cotton, chilies,
coconuts, ground nuts, vegetables and sun flower are the other popular items
grown in the district.
Karaikal is a good fishing centre with the following ten marine fishing
villages spread along the coast. They are Mandabathur, Kalikuppam, Akkampettai,
Kottucherrymedu, Kasakudymedu, in Karaikal municipal area, Kilinjalmedu,
Karaikalmedu, in Tirumalairayam Pathinam commune, Karakalchery in Neravy
commune, Keezhaiyur Pattincacherry and North vanjore.
Fresh and dried fish are exported powers are also exported. Good quality
chanks (conch sells) are also available here in the sea of Karaikal.
The only large scale industry in this district is a textile unit name M/s
Soundararaja Mills Ltd, located in Nedungadu. Handloom weaving is also prevalent
units too. There is an industrial training institute located in
Tirumalairayam Pathinam.
Mahe
This picturesque little area is bounded on the south-west by the Arabian sea,
on the north by river Ponniyar and on the other sides by a stretch of calcareous
hills of medium height which are linked to the ghats by a series of wooden hillocks.
The district consists of 3 entities viz, Mahe town proper, the small enclave of
Kallayi and of Naluthura.
Mahe is situated on the Malabar coast. This district is entirely rain fed and
is covered by typical red lateriate soil. There is no forest area in this
district.
The coast line here lies between the richest fishing belt between Ponnani and
Mangalore on the west coast. Mahe is at the centre of a prawn grouped which
stretch from Quilon to Mangalore. The major marketing centres in and around Mahe
are Mahe, cannanore, Kozhikode and Tellicherry.
Industrial units have concentration only in Pondicherry and
Karaikal. The only
large scale industry functioning in this district is the Cannanore spinning and
weaving mills.
Yanam
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The district lies on the spot where the Coringa river and Godavari river
separate. It is more or less a flat land. The soil is alluvial type suitable for
the cultivation of paddy, tobaccor, chilly, etc.
The crops of this district are coconut, paddy, jowar, ragi, pulses,
coriander, fenugreek etc.
The main fishing units are
Gulrimpeta, Agraharam, Kothapeta, Mettakur, Kanakalapeta, Kursampeta, Padvarevupeta and
Sangadirerupeta. The shoe dhony
(canoe) is the commonest fishing crafts here. Padona is another kind of boat in
use. The catches consist mainly of mullets, hilsa, prawns, cat fish etc.
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