Population The second largest populous country, India is home to around 16 per cent of world’s population. The country, however, accounts for 2.42 per cent of the total world area. The 10 heavily populated districts of the country are Calcutta, Chennai, Greater Mumbai, Hyderabad, Delhi, Chandigarh, Mahe, Howrah, Kanpur City and Bangalore. All of them have density of above 2,000 persons per square kilometre and 5.01 per cent of the country’s population lives in these districts.
Population	Persons - 1,027,015,247 Males - 531,277,078 Females - 495,738,169 (2001 Census)
Languages	India has two National languages (Central administrative). They are English (associate official) and Hindi (in the Devanagiri script). The Indian Constitution also officially recognizes 22 regional languages.
Ethnic groups:	Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000)
Major Religions	Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism
Religions:	Hindu 81.8%, Muslim 12.1%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.9%, Others ther groups including Buddhist, Jain, Parsi1.9% (2001)
Literacy	Total Females Males	- - -	64.8 % 53.7 % 75.3 % (2001 Census)
Sex ratio Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per thousand males. In India, it has generally been adverse to women. The ratio has also declined over the years except in 1981 when it slightly improved to 934 from 927 females per thousand men. In 1991, there has been a fall by seven points to 927 per thousand males. But the state of Kerala represent a different spectrum. The state has a higher number of females than males, 1,036 females against thousand males.
Sex Ratio	The sex ratio (i.e., number of females per thousand males) of population was 933
Population growth rate:	1.4% (2005 est.)
Age structure:	0-14 years - 31.2%(Male 173,634,432/Female 163,932,475) 15-64 years - 63.9% (Male 356,932,082/Female 333,283,590) 65 years and over - 4.9% (Male 26,542,025/Female 25,939,784) (2005 est.)
Median age:	Total - 24.4 years Males - 24.4 years Females - 24.4 years (2004 est.)
Birth rate:	22.32 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Death rate:	8.28 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Net migration rate:	-0.07 migrant (s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Infant mortality rate:	Total - 56.29 deaths/1,000 live births. Female - 55.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.) Male - 56.86 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth:	Total population - 64.35 years Males - 63.57 years Females - 65.16 years (2005 est.)
Total Labor Force	406,000,000
Urban Population	28%
Access to Improved Water Source	88%